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Expressed emotion (EE), is a measure of the family environment that is based on how the relatives of a psychiatric patient spontaneously talk about the patient. It is a psychological term specifically applied to psychiatric patients, and differs greatly from the daily use of the phrase "emotion expression" or another psychological concept "family expressiveness"; frequent communication and natural expression of emotion among family members is a conducive, healthy habit. Theoretically, a high level of EE in the home can worsen the prognosis in patients with mental illness, such as schizophrenia and social anxiety disorder〔Brown, G., Birley, J., & Wing, J. (1972). Influence of family life on the course of schizophrenic disorder: a replication. British Journal of Psychiatry, 121, 241-258. doi: 10.1192/bjp.121.3.241〕〔Garcia-Lopez, L.J., Muela, J.A. Espinosa-Fernández, L., & Diaz-Castela, M.M. (2009). (Exploring the relevance of expressed emotion to the treatment of social anxiety disorder in adolescence ). Journal of Adolescence, 32, 1371-1376. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.08.001〕) or act as a potential risk factor for the development of psychiatric disease. Typically it is determined whether a person or family has high expressed emotion or low expressed emotion through a taped interview known as the Camberwell Family Interview (CFI). Answers to questions and non-verbal cues are used to determine if someone has high expressed emotion. There is another measurement that is taken from the view of the patient. It rates the patient's perception of how his family feels about him and the disorder. If the patient feels that the parents are too protective or not caring the patient feels that his parents don't care of his independence or trust his judgement. This attitude may cause the patient to relapse and patients that rate their parents poorly in this test have a harder time coping with their illness if too much time is spent with the parent. An alternative measures of expressed emotion is the Five Minutes Speech Sample (FMSS), where the relatives are asked to talk about the patient for five uninterrupted minutes. Although this measure requires more training, it becomes a quicker form of assessment than the CFI. ==High Expressed Emotion== Family members with high expressed emotion are hostile, very critical and not tolerant of the patient. They feel like they are helping by having this attitude. They not only criticize behaviors relating to the disorder but also other behaviors that are unique to the personality of the patient. High expressed emotion is more likely to cause a relapse than low expressed emotion. The three dimensions of high EE are hostility, emotional over-involvement and critical comments. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Expressed emotion」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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